Retail trader pricing behavior in the traditional rice market: A micro view for curbing inflation

The price of rice at the retail level affects consumer welfare and influences inflation. The research objective was to study rice retail trader pricing behavior in traditional markets. This study employed an econometric model consisting of six equations of price spread between the retail market level and wholesale level of different rice qualities and grades. To overcome endogeneity problems due to the use of several equations that could cause potential bias, the simultaneous method with the 3SLS approach was deemed appropriate to use to obtain consistent and efficient coefficient estimates. The results show that, by examining the behavior of price spreads in the model, it can be deduced that rice retailers in the traditional market applied a price stabilization strategy. A lower price spread responded to an increase in price at the wholesale level. Rice retailers in traditional markets also implemented a price-averaging strategy. The results of this study have important policy implications for reducing food price volatility and its impact on inflation. That is, a price policy aimed at price stabilization at the retail level, as in this study, will be more effective if the price stabilization is focused on the wholesale level. However, if the pricing policy continues to be applied at the retail level, it must consider the relationships between different rice qualities and prices. This study also highlights the need for more intensive research on pricing behavior at the wholesale level.

AN OPTIMAL CONTROL OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF COVID-19 SPREAD IN INDONESIA

In this paper we analyze COVID-19 spread in Indonesia using an epidemio logical model. We consider symptomatic and asymptomatic infections in the model. We analyze the equilibria of the model and their stability which depend on the basic reproduction ratio for symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. Furthermore, we use optimal control in prevention and treatment in decreasing the number of positive COVID-19 patients in Indonesia. Furthermore, we analyze the existence of optimal control using the Pontryagin minimum principle. We also give numerical simulation of COVID-19 spread with and without the control. According to the simulation, COVID-19 spread could be reduced by using prevention and treatment control simultaneously. © 2023 JONNER NAINGGOLAN et al.

AN OPTIMAL CONTROL OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF COVID-19 SPREAD IN INDONESIA

In this paper we analyze COVID-19 spread in Indonesia using an epidemio logical model. We consider symptomatic and asymptomatic infections in the model. We analyze the equilibria of the model and their stability which depend on the basic reproduction ratio for symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. Furthermore, we use optimal control in prevention and treatment in decreasing the number of positive COVID-19 patients in Indonesia. Furthermore, we analyze the existence of optimal control using the Pontryagin minimum principle. We also give numerical simulation of COVID-19 spread with and without the control. According to the simulation, COVID-19 spread could be reduced by using prevention and treatment control simultaneously. © 2023 JONNER NAINGGOLAN et al.

Understanding Patients with COVID in the Isolation Rooms from the Perspective of Care: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Being treated in isolation rooms for people infected with COVID-19, creates various perceptions of uncertainty, especially when strict "health protocols" are applied. This study aims to determine the understanding patients with COVID in the intensive care unit from the perspective of care. Materials and Methods: The research design used phenomenological qualitative with in-depth interviews. Purposive sampling was used with interpretive phenomenological analysis. Participants were 25 patients who had been exposed to COVID-19, consisting of 10 men and 15 women. Results: This study resulted in the theme of the perception of COVID-19 sufferers while undergoing treatment in isolation rooms, with four themes, namely, 1) mental attacks, 2) feel like fighting alone, 3) expecting Concern, 4) positive attitude. Conclusion: This analysis shows that various perceptions of uncertainty that are felt while being treated in the isolation room due to suffering from COVID-19 disease can be anticipated by increasing the awareness of nurses to be closer to patients through caring-based nursing practices by emphasizing meaningful interpersonal relationships.

Does Financial Technology Matter? Evidence from the Indonesia Healthcare Industry during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has created various new restrictions, including restrictions on direct interaction in the administrative process of hospitals. In fact, the administrative process in Indonesian hospitals is still complex, not well organized, and has not used technology properly. This study aims to analyses the effect of financial technology (fintech) and financial literacy on the efficiency of the Indonesian healthcare industry during the Covid-19 pandemic era. This study uses a quantitative method with an online survey for data collecting. The purposive sampling was applied to get 225 respondents. The dependent variable is financial technology usage, which is measured through three perceptions of fintech users: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and internet usage of all healthcare service users in the healthcare industry in Indonesia. The moderating variable adopted in this study is financial literacy, which is a combination of the understanding (knowledge), skills, attitude, and ability to make sound judgement and decision (behaviour) on personal financial matters resulting in individual financial well-being. This study uses the SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) method to analyses the efficiency of the healthcare industry. The study results show that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have an effect on fintech;fintech has a positive effect on efficiency, where financial literacy also strengthens the effect of fintech on efficiency in the Indonesia healthcare industry during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study are expected to make a significant contribution to the development of the healthcare industry that currently becomes a top priority, given the urgency in handling public health, including Covid-19 patients. Additionally, this research provides a theoretical contribution by increasing fintech literacy in the healthcare industry in increasing efficiency during the Covid-19 pandemic. While practical contribution is about giving new insight to consider the technology in improving management process in healthcare industry. ©The Author(s) 2022.

Penerapan strategi sosialisasi preventif COVID-19 dan optimalisasi keuangan keluarga pada saat kondisi new normal

Kelurahan Putat Jaya adalah salah satu kelurahan dengan jumlah penduduk sebanyak 2.300 Jiwa dengan 9 RT dan Lebih dari 680 Kepala Keluarga. Jumlah kasus positif COVID-19 pada tanggal 15 Juli 2020 sebanyak 9 orang Positif dan 1 Orang Meninggal 22 orang ODP dan dinyatakan sembuhsejumlah 9 orang. Untuk di Kelurahan Putat Jaya ada permasalahan untuk sosialisasi didalam preventif terhadap pencegahan virus COVID-19. Para penduduknya belum mengetahui preventif pencegahan COVID-19   cara penularannya dan penanganannya bila terkena COVID-19. Jumlah sasaran warga yang mengikuti sosialisasi adalah 680 kepala keluarga yang terdiri dari 9 RT. Kegiatan berlangsung mulai bulan juli 2020 sampai dengan november 2020. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode partisipatif. Metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari 4 tahap :  (1)  adalah memberikan peralatan pendukung preventive COVID-19 (2) sosialisasi melalui radio streaming fikom Universitas Ciputra dengan melibatkan tim medis  (3) mengadakan Webinar Pelatihan Managemen keuangan keluarga dan digital marketing di era New Normal (4) publikasi kegiatan abdimas via radio steraming vikom dan jurnal abdimas. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan kontribusi preventive pencegahan penularan COVID-19 bagi warga RW 7 berupa penyediaan peralatan dan sosialisasi penggunaan peralatan memberikan ilmu didalam menghadapi masa new normal khususnya didalam mengatur keuangan keluarga dan digital marketing kepada warga RW 7 serta meningkatkan kemampuan Satgas COVID-19. Kata Kunci: digital marketing; keuangan keluarga; kampung tangguh ; preventive COVID-19 ; radio streaming . Implementation of COVID-– 19 Preventive Socialization Strategies and Optimization of Family Finances during New Normal Conditions. Putat Jaya Village is one of the villages with a population of 2300 people with 9 RTs and more than 680 families. The number of positive cases of COVID-19 on July 15, 2020 was 9 positive people and 1 person died 22 people were ODP and 9 people were declared cured. For the Putat Jaya Village there are problems for socialization in prevention of the COVID-19 virus prevention. The residents do not know the preventive measures against COVID-19 how to transmit it and how to handle it when exposed to COVID-19. The target number of residents who participated in the socialization was 680 families consisting of 9 RT. The activity takes place from July 2020 to November 2020. The research method uses participatory methods. The implementation method consists of 4 stages: (1) is to provide COVID-19 preventive support equipment (2) socialization via radio streaming fikom University of Ciputra involving the medical team (3) holding a Training Webinar Family financial management and digital marketing in the New Normal era (4) publication of Abdimas activities via radio broadcasting Vikom and Abdimas journal. The results of the implementation of this activity are to provide a preventive contribution to preventing the transmission of COVID-19 for RW 7 residents in the form of providing equipment and socializing the use of equipment providing knowledge in dealing with the new normal period especially in managing family finances and digital marketing to RW 7 residents and increasing the ability of the COVID-19 Task Force. Key Words: digital marketing;family’s financial;tough neighbourhood; preventive COVID-19 ; radio streaming

The pattern of changes in prices and marketing margins for foodstuffs during the COVID-19 pandemic

Food products are the main concern for the government and people of Indonesia. Changes in food prices have significant effects on the welfare of the population. Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected community activities and the food agribusiness system. This study analyzes patterns of changes in prices and marketing margins of seven main food products in Indonesian food consumption i.e. rice, shallots, garlic, red chillies, cayenne pepper, cooking oil, and sugar, after the Covid-19 pandemic by presenting descriptive statistics of daily food prices data from the National Strategic Food Price Information Center (PIHPSN). Based on empirical results, except for shallots and cooking oil, most food prices at various market levels have fallen during the Covid-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the risk of food prices at various levels of the market has been increasing. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the magnitude and variability of marketing margins along the marketing chain also have been increasing. These findings imply the urgency of Institutional policies that can increase market transparency and competition appears to be more effective in the long term at reducing the price shocks caused by Covid-19 at various levels of the market than price interventions.

Work from home: Social media virtual meeting and the new family relationship

The COVID-19 pandemic has actually forced people to work at home. Office activities outside the home can result in the transmission of COVID-19 to its workers. The government has taken a decision to minimize employee attendance at the office. Employees are encouraged to work at home (WFH) especially in groups vulnerable to infection. The house is turned into an “office space.” With the internet network these employees are connected to each other. Although factually this pattern is not a new thing because it has been carried out since the 2000s and is now becoming increasingly intensive. Through qualitative research with an ethnomethodological perspective the results show that with this pattern the house has become an encounter between public space and domestic space. This requires a strategy to manage roles in the home. Through in-depth observations and interviews there were several important findings. First there is a struggle for space in the house. Second there is a transfer of stress from work to home. Third there is a renegotiation of roles in the house so as not to disturb family harmony. No less important the community of users of social media and virtual meetings builds constructions of public and domestic space and time. The division of space and time in virtual space is also related to a persons role and social status when in the real world of work. Keywords: work from home, multitasking, negotiating

Surviving strategy of hospitality sector in pandemic situation

Crisis in 2020 is the impact of unexpected COVID-19 spreading all around the world in which period all social and economic aspects are forced to slow down or even temporarily stopped. In almost all countries in the world only a few sectors are allowed to run the business normally. The sectors are mainly business offering basic needs such as grocery stores, certain food and beverage and medical. The phenomena blatantly hurt hospitality sectors and it must be faced by the stakeholders of the industry. In Indonesia the hospitality industry does suffer. The human centric characteristic of the industry requires interactions between people. Human interactions are well explained as the core activities in the tourism industry in the old normal while it is to be avoided during the new normal of COVID-19. Business owners and managers fight against the condition which finally pushed them hard to make unfortunate decisions for the human capital of the industry and for many other strategic issues. The crisis is present and brings a huge impact to the hospitality sector that includes hotel and restaurant business. This study is to describe the picture of how this sector in the Jakarta area overcomes the pandemic situation and to what extent the management is capable of handling it. A qualitative research is conducted with a narrative approach by empathizing to the human capital in the sector using a grounded theory approach. Challenges are encountered by the hospitality practitioners and each one of them is trying to survive in their own way.

Pricing of livestock products in Indonesian modern food retailers during covid-19 pandemic

The role of modern markets is increasing in the food system in Indonesia, mainly as a result of technological and institutional advances. Indonesian households' food consumption still depends on staple food. The share of household expenditure on meat, eggs, and milk was only 12 percent. The purpose of the study was to analyze the pricing of livestock products in retail level in the modern market. The data used in this study is daily price data for beef, eggs, and chicken at wholesale and retail levels published through the National Strategic Food Price Information Center (PIHPSN) from January 2020 to December 2020. This study employed a quantitative method, through the formulation of an econometric model, and applied the 3SLS method to estimate the model. The results show that traders face an increasing price risk following the Covid-19 pandemic. The retailers enforce price stabilization at the consumer level when prices at the wholesaler level fluctuate. However, the study did not find the practice of price averaging between commodities at the retailers level. The results of this study are useful for formulations aimed at food prices..

The outbreak of COVID-19: Resilience and its predictors among parents of schoolchildren carrying out online learning in Indonesia.

OBJECTIVE: Online learning during the COVID-19 outbreak, puts mental stress on parents and their children so that this requires extraordinary resilience when parents get additional tasks to accompany children in online learning that is done at home. The current study seeks to evaluate the resilience of parents accompanying schoolchildren in online learning. Besides, this study also examines independent socio-demographic predictors of parental resilience. METHODS: This descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 392 parents of children participating in online learning at home. Data were collected through an online questionnaire survey in the provinces of Java and Bali. Demographic questionnaires and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis with p < 0.05. RESULTS: Simultaneously the independent variables affect the resilience of parents as indicated by the value of F (9.010), p-value (0.000), and R (0.376). The predictors of parental resilience were the gender of the parents with the t-value (3.280), p-value (0.001), ß (4.572), parent's employment status with the t-value (3.752), p-value (0.001), ß (4,348), financial status with the t-value (4.754), p-value (0.000), ß (5.087), and the gender of the children with the t-value (2.849), p-value (0.005), ß (4.873). CONCLUSION: Predictor factors that affect the resilience of parents in providing online learning assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic need to get more serious attention, especially for mothers who have lower resilience than fathers. So that their children can still achieve better academic achievements.

Strategic digitalization of UMKM business as an alternative to survive the COVID-19 pandemic

The purpose of this study is to implement a business digitalization strategy so that micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) can survive the COVID-19 pandemic. This research method is descriptive qualitative based on UMKM survey data from the Katadata Insight Center (KIC) June 2020 in the Jabotabek area. From the results of this study it appears that UMKM business activities carried out with a conventional strategy (Offline System) contributed to a decrease in sales turnover by more than 30%. Meanwhile, UMKM business activities carried out with the strategy of digitalization UMKM (Online System) businesses such as Smart phones (PCs or lap tops) connected to the Internet only amounted to 3.8% of UMKM which experienced an increase in sales turnover. For this reason, it is necessary to build an infrastructure that supports the digitalization of UMKM in terms of online marketing of UMKM products. © 2021 Linguistic Society of America. All Rights Reserved.

International Virtual Writing Camp: A Feasible Solution of Prospective Author Training (preprint)

Every scholarly journal's ultimate objective and purpose is to publish high-quality work. This article discusses the adoption of a worldwide virtual writing camp as an alternate approach given by journal editorial boards to increase the quality of prospective authors during the current Sars-Cov-2 pandemic, when face-to-face meetings are impractical. A virtually entire training program was designed for those interested in submitting their manuscript to journals but lack the necessary understanding and expertise to write a so-called high-quality paper. This strategy consisted of nine phases and required around three months to complete. By the end of the camp, participants should have written one or more papers that were ready to send and submit.

Analisis pengaruh Bi 7-days Repo rate terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan menggunakan pendekatan regresi nonparametrik berdasarkan estimator least square spline

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesia stock market was under great pressure, so that the value of the Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) fluctuated greatly. To maintain economic stability, Bank Indonesia has regulated monetary policy such as setting the BI 7-Days Repo Rate. Analysis of this effect is important to formulate the right policy. This study aims to design the best model in describing the relationship between JCI value and BI 7-Days Repo Rate. The analysis was carried out by using parametric regression approach based on the ordinary least square method and nonparametric regression approach based on least square spline estimator. The results showed that the parametric regression models failed to meet the classical assumptions. Meanwhile, nonparametric regression can produce an optimal model with high accurate prediction, with an overall mean absolute percentage error value of 3.16%. Furthermore, mean square error, coefficient of determination, and mean absolute deviation also show good results. Thus, the effect of the BI 7-Days Repo Rate on the JCI value forms a quadratic pattern, in which a positive relationship is formed when the BI 7-Days Repo Rate is set at more than 4.25% and vice versa for a negative relationship.

Nutrition and Lifestyle Recommendations for Patients Recovering from Covid-19 in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province

Providing nutrition for COVID-19 patients is one of many actions to reduce the risk due to symptoms of COVID-19. To help meet the nutritional needs of COVID-19 cured patients, we developed a nutritional needs recommendation system and predicted nutritional needs for COVID-19 recovered patients in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia with Technique for the Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method (TOPSIS). We use data from COVID-19 Task Force in this province along with The Indonesian Dietary Recommendations to help decide which nutrition is needed by recovered patients. The criteria used in the prototype of this system are Age Group weight 3, Vegetable Consumption weight 4, Fat Consumption weight 4, Salt & Sugar Consumption weight 2, and Sports weight 3. After cranking the two patterns used, the Pattern Preference value is obtained 1 = 0.34980639174099 and Pattern 2 = 0.65019360825901 so that the highest preference value that can be used as a recommendation is Pattern 2 with a preference value of 0.65019360825901.

THE IMPROVEMENT OF COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES AFTER COVID-19 SOCIALIZATION

This study determined community knowledge, attitudes, and practices after COVID-19 socialization in Rambipuji and Suci Village, Jember District, East Java, Indonesia. This study used the analytic observational design study. As many as 40 people were given socialization about COVID-19 by gathering and online. The questionnaires were completed in two parts included before-socialization and after-socialization. The questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively by calculating frequency, percentage, and inferential statistics by t-test, Spearman correlation, and chi-square test. The data analysis used IBM SPSS version 23 software. The mean and standard deviation of percentage of knowledge pre-test, knowledge post-test, high attitude, moderate attitude, low attitude, very high practice, high practice, sufficient practice, and low practice were 58.33 ± 30.97, 77.70 ± 22.52, 62.5±21.7, 31±22.2, 6.5±17.1, 65±13.8, 32.3±13.8, 1.25±2.4, 1.25±1.8, respectively. Knowledge pre-test and post-test correlated 0.819 (p=0.001) and a t-test with p=0.003. Attitudes and practices correlated with p=0.001. Socialization of COVID-19 was useful to improve the community knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Rambipuji and Suci Village, Jember District, East Java, Indonesia that could prevent the transmission and inhibit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Furthermore, continuous encouragement of COVID-19 socialization in wide areas was recommended. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku masyarakat setelah sosialisasi COVID-19 di Desa Rambipuji dan Suci, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional analitik. Sebanyak 40 orang diberikan sosialisasi tentang COVID-19 secara tatap muka (luring) dan daring. Kuesioner diisi dalam dua sesi yaitu sebelum sosialisasi dan setelah sosialisasi. Data kuesioner dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menghitung frekuensi, persentase dan statistik inferensial dengan uji-t, korelasi spearman dan uji chi square. Analisis data menggunakan perangkat lunak IBM SPSS versi 23. Rerata dan standar deviasi persentase pengetahuan sebelum test, pengetahuan setelah test, sikap tinggi, sikap sedang, sikap rendah, perilaku sangat tinggi, perilaku tinggi, perilaku cukup, dan perilaku rendah secara berturut-turut adalah 58,33 ± 30,97, 77,70 ± 22,52, 62,5 ± 21.7, 31 ± 22.2, 6.5 ± 17.1, 65 ± 13.8, 32.3 ± 13.8, 1.25 ± 2.4, 1.25 ± 1.8. Pengetahuan sebelum test dan setelah test memiliki korelasi 0,819 (p = 0,001) dan t-test dengan p = 0,003. Sikap dan perilaku memiliki korelasi dengan p = 0,001. Sosialisasi COVID-19 bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan masyarakat masyarakat di Desa Rambipuji dan Suci, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur, Indonesia yang dapat mencegah penularan dan menghambat penyebaran pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Selain itu, sosialisasi COVID-19 terus didorong di berbagai wilayah. (Indonesian) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Folia Medica Indonesiana is the property of Folia Medica Indonesiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Does religious holiday allowance policy during Covid-19 provide legal certainty?

The Circular Letter of the Minister of Manpower No. M/6/HI.00.01/V/2020 concerning the Implementation of Religious Holiday Allowance Payment (THR) of 2020 in Companies during Covid-19 Pandemic is a regulation expected to complete THR payment problems in this Pandemic situation. However, normatively, this regulation raises new legal issues. This regulation's provisions contradict the principle of legal certainty because it contradicts the laws and regulations above it. Under the juridical normative type of research, the results of this research found the emergence of legal consequences due to industrial relations disputes for employment relations actors if the agreement on THR Payment is not achieved. This research has also found that the Minister Circular Letter on THR Payment basically contradicted the principle of legal certainty because the status does not belong to the statutory regulations, meaning that it has no force to be applied as statutory regulations do. Based on the Statutory regulation, the minister Circular Letter's legal status only applies to internal institutions which issue and belongs to technical and administrative arrangements. Thus, legal action as research result recommended to the government is revoking the minister's circular letter on THR Payment. © 2021 Sriwijaya University. All rights reserved.

Spontaneous Ileum Perforation in a premature twin with Coronavirus-19 positive mother.

Spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) of the newborn is a single intestinal perforation commonly found in the terminal ileum without distinct causes. These cases often associated with prematurity. The new COVID-19 in pregnancy increased the risk of premature rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), and low birth weight (LBW). Here we report a premature twin with SIP that was born from Coronavirus-19 positive mother.